NGS in Lung, Breast, and Unknown Primary Cancer in Colombia: A Multidisciplinary Consensus on Challenges and Opportunities.

Given the benefits and likely future applications, there is an urgent need to expand the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in breast, lung, and unknown primary cancers in Colombia. The objective of this review is to address the barriers limiting access to the use of NGS in Colombia, specifically for patients with breast, lung, and unknown primary cancers in the public health care system. A selected Panel of Colombian experts in NGS were provided with a series of relevant questions to address in a multiday conference. Each narrative was discussed and edited by the Panel through numerous drafts and rounds of discussion until consensus was achieved. There are limitations to the widespread adoption of innovative technology inherent to the Colombian health care system. Barriers identified to implementing NGS in Colombia include availability, accessibility, and affordability; limited infrastructure; training and awareness of health personnel; quality-control procedures; and collection of local data. Stakeholders must align to adapt the implementation of NGS to the constraints of resource-limited environments. Diagnostic algorithms were developed to guide molecular testing for lung, breast, and unknown primary cancers. Recommendations on overcoming the barriers to the widespread adoption of NGS include country-specific molecular testing guidelines, creating a national genetic registry, improving infrastructure, and creating health policy that favors the adoption of innovative technology.

Encefalopatía inducida por 5-fluorouracilo Un mismo agente, dos entidades diferentes / Encephalopathy induced by 5-fluorouracil The same agent, two different entities

La neurotoxicidad de los medicamentos antineoplásicos es un fenómeno de relativa frecuencia, que ocurre principalmente sobre el sistema nervioso periférico y más comúnmente con fármacos citotóxicos como platinos, taxanos y derivados de la vinca. La toxicidad sobre el sistema nervioso central asociado al uso del 5-fluorouracilo es por el contrario un evento poco común, pero no por ello menos importante. El clínico debe aprender a reconocer y tratar las dos variedades de esta condición médica: la encefalopatía aguda y la leucoencefalopatía subaguda; cada una con fisiopatología, manifestaciones clínicas y tratamiento diferentes. La siguiente presentación de casos ejemplifica estas dos variedades y brinda elementos diagnósticos y terapéuticos para cada una de ellas. (ActaMed Colomb 2015; 40: 338-344).

The neurotoxicity of anticancer drugs is a relatively common phenomenon, occurring mainly on the peripheral nervous system, most commonly with cytotoxic drugs such as platinum, taxanes and vinca derivatives. Toxicity on the central nervous system associated with the use of 5-fluorouracil is on the contrary a rare event, which does not make it less important. The clinician must learn to recognize and treat the two varieties of this medical condition: acute encephalopathy and sub-acute leukoencephalopathy, each with different pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and treatment. The following case presentation illustrates these two varieties and provides diagnostic and therapeutic elements for each one of them. (Acta Med Colomb 2015; 40: 338-344).